savings g <- lm(sr~pop15+pop75+dpi+ddpi) g <- lm(sr~pop15+pop75+dpi+ddpi,data=savings) g1 <- lm(sr~pop15+pop75+I(dpi/1000)+ddpi,data=savings) summary(g) summary(g1) scsav <- data.frame(scale(savings)) g <- lm(sr~.,scsav) summary(g) mean(scsav) apply(scsav,2,mean) scsav <- data.frame(savings$sr,scale(savings[,-1])) scsav g <- lm(savings.sr~.,scsav) summary(g) longley x <- matrix(longley) x <- as.matrix(longley) x eigen(t(x)%*%x) x <- as.matrix(longley[,-7]) eigen(t(x)%*%x) longley apply(longley,2,var) eigen(var(x)) ei <- eigen(var(x)) ei$vectors ei$vectors[,1] x %*% ei$vectors[,1] var(x %*% ei$vectors[,1]) ei$values[1] var(x %*% ei$vectors[,2]) ei$values[2] x %*% ei$vectors[,2) x %*% ei$vectors[,2]